kubectl exec as root

This might make contributors reluctant, so what is meant with that? then kubectl assumes it is running in your cluster. I am running through a similar issue, however I am using a git-sync sidecar that I mount. Example: Identify the pod that is running the container, Identity the node that is running that pod (. This would execute the bash command as we wanted to but will it give you a terminal access ? First you to ssh inside minikube, Then you need to find desired docker container. kubectl delete pods,services -l . What is the stable alternative without using Docker as CRI? report a problem +1 for this feature. let us frame a command. Kubernetes is built around the philosophy of immutable infrastructure. You cannot log into the pod directly as root via kubectl. So as we mentioned, we have presumed that bash is present on the container. To specify a field, use a jsonpath expression. And, voila, you are inside the container, as root. how to ssh or open pod shell using kubectl exec, how to execute a command into the pod or container, choosing the container name using option -c, interactive terminal option and why both are important. The kubectl exec command lets us start a shell session inside containers running in our Kubernetes cluster. or Step-5: Verify SSHD process is started as non-root user. Content Discovery initiative April 13 update: Related questions using a Review our technical responses for the 2023 Developer Survey. The following table includes a list of all the supported resource types and their abbreviated aliases. and acts against that namespace. +1 for this feature. docker exec has the --user flag, which allows you to run a command as a particular user. All this is to ensure that what is produced has the greatest chance of success and is developed in a way that the SIG(s) would be willing to support it. Installing stuff for debugging purposes is my use case as well. This works for me: Sources: Open a shell to a node using kubectl and post above. Print only the resource name and nothing else. Instead, I found that initContainers does the job: I've also created a whole course about Production grade running kubernetes on AWS using EKS. In this article, we will learn in detail how to exec shell commands on the container or pod using kubectl. named main-app and helper-app. That's all well and good, but what about new versions of kubernetes that use containerd? Install the packages by following the procedure explained below: 1. kubectl rollout - Manage the rollout of a resource. You are receiving this because you commented. @adarshaj @smarterclayton Thanks for the tips. suggest an improvement. Use the following syntax to run kubectl commands from your terminal window: where command, TYPE, NAME, and flags are: command: Specifies the operation that you want to perform on one or more resources, And GKE moved away from docker, making it impossible to SSH to nodes and use docker exec -u, as crictl does not have a way to pass user either. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Deploy your software and use " kubectl exec " to get an interactive shell session in your currently running container (or hit the "play"-like button in Lens). Our use case is that we spin up pods, and execute untrusted code in them. For those on Windows Platform using minikube. By default, output is from the first container. The point though is - that's why I posted it here - is that I'd like to see "kubectl exec" do the right thing. The disadvantage is I don't think you can inspect the filesystem of the target, unless you can share an external mount or 'empty' mount. If you do not already have a In the previous command, we have seen bash -c and a while loop passed as an argument. NAME is the name of the pod and READY indicates the number of Docker containers running inside the pod. You may still need to inspect the pods by connecting to them, especially during cluster development. There are some plugins for kubectl that may help you achieve this: https://github.com/jordanwilson230/kubectl-plugins One of the plugins called, 'ssh', will allow you to exec as root user by running (for example) kubectl ssh -u root -p nginx-0 Share Improve this answer Follow edited Nov 16, 2019 at 13:30 Nanhe Kumar 15.3k 5 78 70 First, inspect the pod in question to get the docker container you want to connect to. kubectl ssh -u root -p nginx-0. Hi , In this short tutorial I will show you a way of getting a root shell in containers running inside a modern Kubernetes cluster. What is the symbol (which looks similar to an equals sign) called? using nerdctl exec -uroot -ti 817d52766254 sh It's not unreasonable, but we'd need pod security policy to control the user input and we'd probably have to disallow user by name (since we don't allow it for containers - you must specify UID). This was the more useful answer for me. I have to rebuild my docker container and make sure the Docker file has USER root as the last line, then debug, then disable this. anyone more familiar with the process want to start the draft? Thanks for the thoughtful reply @whereisaaron :) I think that captures things quite well. kubectl exec Syntax Does a password policy with a restriction of repeated characters increase security? kubectl debug does not work as well, as it just ends up with the same user as the main container, with no way to become root. Is there a weapon that has the heavy property and the finesse property (or could this be obtained)? I'd like to open a shell. Review the output of kubectl api-resources to determine if a resource is namespaced. Run the following command: kubectl get pods Output is similar to the following. It worked because my container had a bash. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: SGTM. This works by creating a pod on the same node as the container and mounting the docker socket into this container. There is no sudo or similar in the image, and the doc advise to use docker exec -u 33 when in a Docker environment. An additional use case - you're being security conscious so all processes running inside the container are not privileged. It's not them. [root@cluster ~]# kubectl create -f test-pod.yaml pod/test-pod created . Why do I need to run kubectl as my own user ? Procedure As root, use a Terminal shell to log in to the Kubernetes master node. su -m has it's own issues (the home dir is wrong), but I did make it work in the meantime. so it is not always good to assume that we have bash in the container. SSH as root to kubernates pod. For details about which commands support the various output options, see the kubectl reference documentation. kubectl describe - Display detailed state of one or more resources, including the uninitialized ones by default. Any user (including root) can do the following to get kubeconfig in the current user's home directory at $HOME/.kube/config: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $ (id -u):$ (id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run this: You can choose to define the custom columns inline or use a template file: -o custom-columns= or -o custom-columns-file=. You cannot log into the pod directly as root via kubectl. Then connect to the POD/container as usual and you will be authenticated as root from the beginning. Use the following set of examples to help you familiarize yourself with writing and using kubectl plugins: With a plugin written, let's make it executable: In order to view all of the plugins that are available to kubectl, use But the buildpack-generated environment is not there. Once it's done, you can access any pod with root user via following command: $ kubectl exec-as -u root pod-69bfb5ffc7-kc2bs. Print a table using a comma separated list of. I'd like to open a The Advantage of Ansible Shell module, In this quick article, we are presenting you with the shell script to start and stop PostgreSQL DB instance. kubectl get pod security-context-demo-2. The argument must be the path to the directory containing the file, or a git repository URL with a path suffix specifying same with respect to the repository root. If we had a video livestream of a clock being sent to Mars, what would we see? # Create a service using the definition in example-service.yaml. 't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. # Delete all pods, including uninitialized ones. k8s.gcr.io image registry is gradually being redirected to registry.k8s.io (since Monday March 20th).All images available in k8s.gcr.io are available at registry.k8s.io.Please read our announcement for more details. My app container image is built using buildpacks. In case anyone is working on AKS, follow these steps: Once you are inside a node, perform these commands to get into the container: In k8s deployment configuration, you can set to run the container as root. Besides being alpha, ephemeral containers is a lot more complicated to use than simply kubectl exec --user would be. you can specify the singular, plural, or abbreviated forms. The command to ssh into node is: gcloud compute instances list gcloud compute ssh . I want to enter a container as root. Content Discovery initiative April 13 update: Related questions using a Review our technical responses for the 2023 Developer Survey. He also rips off an arm to use as a sword, Simple deform modifier is deforming my object. As we mentioned earlier, we need to use -c to specify the container name. What does 'They're at four. [] Stale issues rot after an additional 30d of inactivity and eventually close. no @suren, if there are multiple docker in pod, it will definitely different. Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? Not the answer you're looking for? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. --server-print=false flag to the kubectl get command. What if there is no bash and how would you take terminal or SSH into the container/pod, When you are not sure what shell would be available on the container, or when you know that bash may not be there but to try it out, There is a command we can use to test major shells before giving up. Generating points along line with specifying the origin of point generation in QGIS, Generic Doubly-Linked-Lists C implementation. We delegate stewardship of parts of the code base to SIGs; and it is through the KEPs that one or more of the SIGs can come to concensus on a feature. What does 'They're at four. kubectl exec -u root could do that, if the '-u' option existed. When I do, I am root, and all the env vars are set. Open an issue in the GitHub repo if you want to Provided by Kubernetes itself if you are new to Kubectl and, Kubectl exec into pod - Executing commands inside POD, Running Complex Shell commands with Kubectl exec, Executing shell scripts with kubectl exec, Running some while loop without Interactive Terminal - Inline Scripting, Kubectl exec bash - Opening SSH Terminal to the pod, Kubectl exec SSH into the terminal without bash. kubectl delete - Delete resources either from a file, stdin, or specifying label selectors, names, resource selectors, or resources. Add or update the annotations of one or more resources. I have added a question here if you can help : ). As you know the kubectl is a command line toolfor communicating with a Kubernetes cluster'scontrol plane, using the Kubernetes API. [] Did you mean below command. @whereisaaron It looks like most cloud providers do not support this, and for on prem we can just go to a node and docker exec into the container. # Display the details of all the pods that are managed by the replication controller named . let us see an example. Provides utilities for interacting with plugins. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Ephemeral containers are still in alpha. What Michael said is exactly accurate; kubectl looks in the current user's home directory, which for yoda will likely be /home/yoda but for root is almost certainly /root. directory: In your shell, send a GET request to the nginx server: The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file: When you are finished with your shell, enter exit. # Create a replication controller using the definition in example-controller.yaml. If all three are found in-cluster authentication is assumed. kubectl proxy - Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server. Ideally the lifeCycle hooks should be able to run as root in the container, even when the container does not. running container. and then running apt-get install commands but since the user I am accessing with doesn't have sudo access I am not able to run commands, There are some plugins for kubectl that may help you achieve this: https://github.com/jordanwilson230/kubectl-plugins, One of the plugins called, 'ssh', will allow you to exec as root user by running (for example) Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? This only works in Kubernetes clusters which allow priviledged containers. Why did US v. Assange skip the court of appeal? Depending on what the feature does, it may go through an API review, evaluated for scalability concerns etc. ( make sure you update the pod name and ns name with yours ). What "benchmarks" means in "what are benchmarks for?". It's not them. but we have a workaround to try all the shells before we give up. kubectl exec --stdin --tty shell-demo -- /bin/bash Note: The double dash ( --) separates the arguments you want to pass to the command from the kubectl arguments. Here is one example where I am running a while loop on a container without terminal. Create a repository file for Kubernetes: sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/k8s.repo. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, you could add this to pod, but after exit it will be gone. -m is supposed to preserve environment variables. crictl is a command-line interface for CRI-compatible container runtimes. Explicit use of --namespace overrides this behavior. You can very quickly test this theory by re-running your kubectl command with an explicit --kubeconfig ~yoda/.kube/config: You can also export the shell variable KUBECONFIG to avoid having to constantly include that long --kubeconfig syntax: Ensure you don't put any characters between the ~ and yoda or it will look for a yoda directory inside the current user's home directory. With kubectl cp you can perform the following tasks upload a file to the pod, Ansible shell module is designed to execute Shell commands against the target Unix based hosts. I am using google cloud. Super! I added KUBECONFIG for the root user and it is working fine now. kubectl get replicationcontroller . Kubernetes - kubectl exec bash - session drop and line width, Cannot connect to the Docker daemon on macOS. Here is a screenshot of us trying to run some complex shell commands with sed and awk, All the commands you see on the preceding screenshot are given below for you to copy and try, Now we have learnt how to execute commands into the pod and on the specific container using the -c option. So again, the usefulness seems quite limited. it would/should be accepted and executed. https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/share-process-namespace/#understanding-process-namespace-sharing. Get documentation of various resources. ', referring to the nuclear power plant in Ignalina, mean? @dims I'm confused, why is this closed? Both have to be given for opening a proper SSH terminal to the POD/container. (This output can be retrieved from kubectl api-resources, and was accurate as of Kubernetes 1.25.0). This is not executing : C:\WINDOWS\system32>kubectl exec -it prometheus-grafana-798d5675bf-vf2nb -n monitoring --container grafana -u 0 - /bin/bash 7e328fc6ac5932fef37f8d771fd80fc1a3ddf3ab8793b917fafba317faf1c697, on node, trigger runc - since its invoked by containerd, the --root has to be changed, runc --root /run/containerd/runc/k8s.io/ exec -t -u 0 sh, Building on @jordanwilson230's answer he also developed a bash-script called exec-as which uses Docker-in-Docker to accomplish this: https://github.com/jordanwilson230/kubectl-plugins/blob/krew/kubectl-exec-as, When installed via kubectl plugin manager krew kubectl krew install exec-as you can simply. Last modified April 26, 2022 at 12:30 AM PST: Installing Kubernetes with deployment tools, Customizing components with the kubeadm API, Creating Highly Available Clusters with kubeadm, Set up a High Availability etcd Cluster with kubeadm, Configuring each kubelet in your cluster using kubeadm, Communication between Nodes and the Control Plane, Guide for scheduling Windows containers in Kubernetes, Topology-aware traffic routing with topology keys, Resource Management for Pods and Containers, Organizing Cluster Access Using kubeconfig Files, Compute, Storage, and Networking Extensions, Changing the Container Runtime on a Node from Docker Engine to containerd, Migrate Docker Engine nodes from dockershim to cri-dockerd, Find Out What Container Runtime is Used on a Node, Troubleshooting CNI plugin-related errors, Check whether dockershim removal affects you, Migrating telemetry and security agents from dockershim, Configure Default Memory Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Default CPU Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum Memory Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum CPU Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Memory and CPU Quotas for a Namespace, Switching from Polling to CRI Event-based Updates to Container Status, Change the Reclaim Policy of a PersistentVolume, Configure a kubelet image credential provider, Control CPU Management Policies on the Node, Control Topology Management Policies on a node, Guaranteed Scheduling For Critical Add-On Pods, Migrate Replicated Control Plane To Use Cloud Controller Manager, Reconfigure a Node's Kubelet in a Live Cluster, Reserve Compute Resources for System Daemons, Running Kubernetes Node Components as a Non-root User, Using NodeLocal DNSCache in Kubernetes Clusters, Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods, Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods, Configure GMSA for Windows Pods and containers, Resize CPU and Memory Resources assigned to Containers, Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers, Configure a Pod to Use a Volume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a Projected Volume for Storage, Configure a Security Context for a Pod or Container, Configure Liveness, Readiness and Startup Probes, Attach Handlers to Container Lifecycle Events, Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod, Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources, Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller, Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels, Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller, Developing and debugging services locally using telepresence, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Kustomize, Managing Kubernetes Objects Using Imperative Commands, Imperative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Update API Objects in Place Using kubectl patch, Managing Secrets using Configuration File, Define a Command and Arguments for a Container, Define Environment Variables for a Container, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Environment Variables, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Files, Distribute Credentials Securely Using Secrets, Run a Stateless Application Using a Deployment, Run a Single-Instance Stateful Application, Specifying a Disruption Budget for your Application, Coarse Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Fine Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Indexed Job for Parallel Processing with Static Work Assignment, Handling retriable and non-retriable pod failures with Pod failure policy, Deploy and Access the Kubernetes Dashboard, Use Port Forwarding to Access Applications in a Cluster, Use a Service to Access an Application in a Cluster, Connect a Frontend to a Backend Using Services, List All Container Images Running in a Cluster, Set up Ingress on Minikube with the NGINX Ingress Controller, Communicate Between Containers in the Same Pod Using a Shared Volume, Extend the Kubernetes API with CustomResourceDefinitions, Use an HTTP Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Use a SOCKS5 Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Configure Certificate Rotation for the Kubelet, Adding entries to Pod /etc/hosts with HostAliases, Externalizing config using MicroProfile, ConfigMaps and Secrets, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Cluster Level, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Namespace Level, Restrict a Container's Access to Resources with AppArmor, Restrict a Container's Syscalls with seccomp, Exposing an External IP Address to Access an Application in a Cluster, Example: Deploying PHP Guestbook application with Redis, Example: Deploying WordPress and MySQL with Persistent Volumes, Example: Deploying Cassandra with a StatefulSet, Running ZooKeeper, A Distributed System Coordinator, Explore Termination Behavior for Pods And Their Endpoints, Certificates and Certificate Signing Requests, Mapping PodSecurityPolicies to Pod Security Standards, Well-Known Labels, Annotations and Taints, ValidatingAdmissionPolicyBindingList v1alpha1, Kubernetes Security and Disclosure Information, Articles on dockershim Removal and on Using CRI-compatible Runtimes, Event Rate Limit Configuration (v1alpha1), kube-apiserver Encryption Configuration (v1), kube-controller-manager Configuration (v1alpha1), Contributing to the Upstream Kubernetes Code, Generating Reference Documentation for the Kubernetes API, Generating Reference Documentation for kubectl Commands, Generating Reference Pages for Kubernetes Components and Tools, kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/application/shell-demo.yaml, # You can run these example commands inside the container, # Run this in the shell inside your container, Reorg the monitoring task section (#32823) (f26e8eff23), Running individual commands in a container, Opening a shell when a Pod has more than one container. By default when you execute the following command, you get root privileges. I am trying this- kubectl exec -it jenkins-app-2843651954-4zqdp -- /bin/bash connecting to Kubernetes kops pod using docker deamon, How do I run Mongodb container as root user, root password of an public image kubesphere/elasticsearch-oss:6.7.0-1, How to get a password from a shell script without echoing, Git Bash is extremely slow on Windows 7 x64, Using the RUN instruction in a Dockerfile with 'source' does not work. client configuration. For installation instructions, see Installing kubectl; Currently I enter the pod as a mysql user using the command: kubectl exec -it PODNAME -n NAMESPACE bash. However, the, This plugin is not working with a modern k8s version, like 1.22 for example, that is using containerd. Hope this helps you and if you have any questions or feedback. This command lets us inspect the container's file system, check the state of the environment, and perform advanced debugging tools when logs alone don't provide enough information. How to run kubectl commands inside a container? The output shows that the processes are running as user 2000. If you have a specific, answerable question about how to use Kubernetes, ask it on Move away from GKE into AWS who still use Docker? Last modified November 28, 2022 at 8:22 AM PST: Installing Kubernetes with deployment tools, Customizing components with the kubeadm API, Creating Highly Available Clusters with kubeadm, Set up a High Availability etcd Cluster with kubeadm, Configuring each kubelet in your cluster using kubeadm, Communication between Nodes and the Control Plane, Guide for scheduling Windows containers in Kubernetes, Topology-aware traffic routing with topology keys, Resource Management for Pods and Containers, Organizing Cluster Access Using kubeconfig Files, Compute, Storage, and Networking Extensions, Changing the Container Runtime on a Node from Docker Engine to containerd, Migrate Docker Engine nodes from dockershim to cri-dockerd, Find Out What Container Runtime is Used on a Node, Troubleshooting CNI plugin-related errors, Check whether dockershim removal affects you, Migrating telemetry and security agents from dockershim, Configure Default Memory Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Default CPU Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum Memory Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum CPU Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Memory and CPU Quotas for a Namespace, Switching from Polling to CRI Event-based Updates to Container Status, Change the Reclaim Policy of a PersistentVolume, Configure a kubelet image credential provider, Control CPU Management Policies on the Node, Control Topology Management Policies on a node, Guaranteed Scheduling For Critical Add-On Pods, Migrate Replicated Control Plane To Use Cloud Controller Manager, Reconfigure a Node's Kubelet in a Live Cluster, Reserve Compute Resources for System Daemons, Running Kubernetes Node Components as a Non-root User, Using NodeLocal DNSCache in Kubernetes Clusters, Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods, Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods, Configure GMSA for Windows Pods and containers, Resize CPU and Memory Resources assigned to Containers, Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers, Configure a Pod to Use a Volume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a Projected Volume for Storage, Configure a Security Context for a Pod or Container, Configure Liveness, Readiness and Startup Probes, Attach Handlers to Container Lifecycle Events, Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod, Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources, Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller, Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels, Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller, Developing and debugging services locally using telepresence, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Kustomize, Managing Kubernetes Objects Using Imperative Commands, Imperative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Update API Objects in Place Using kubectl patch, Managing Secrets using Configuration File, Define a Command and Arguments for a Container, Define Environment Variables for a Container, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Environment Variables, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Files, Distribute Credentials Securely Using Secrets, Run a Stateless Application Using a Deployment, Run a Single-Instance Stateful Application, Specifying a Disruption Budget for your Application, Coarse Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Fine Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Indexed Job for Parallel Processing with Static Work Assignment, Handling retriable and non-retriable pod failures with Pod failure policy, Deploy and Access the Kubernetes Dashboard, Use Port Forwarding to Access Applications in a Cluster, Use a Service to Access an Application in a Cluster, Connect a Frontend to a Backend Using Services, List All Container Images Running in a Cluster, Set up Ingress on Minikube with the NGINX Ingress Controller, Communicate Between Containers in the Same Pod Using a Shared Volume, Extend the Kubernetes API with CustomResourceDefinitions, Use an HTTP Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Use a SOCKS5 Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Configure Certificate Rotation for the Kubelet, Adding entries to Pod /etc/hosts with HostAliases, Externalizing config using MicroProfile, ConfigMaps and Secrets, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Cluster Level, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Namespace Level, Restrict a Container's Access to Resources with AppArmor, Restrict a Container's Syscalls with seccomp, Exposing an External IP Address to Access an Application in a Cluster, Example: Deploying PHP Guestbook application with Redis, Example: Deploying WordPress and MySQL with Persistent Volumes, Example: Deploying Cassandra with a StatefulSet, Running ZooKeeper, A Distributed System Coordinator, Explore Termination Behavior for Pods And Their Endpoints, Certificates and Certificate Signing Requests, Mapping PodSecurityPolicies to Pod Security Standards, Well-Known Labels, Annotations and Taints, ValidatingAdmissionPolicyBindingList v1alpha1, Kubernetes Security and Disclosure Information, Articles on dockershim Removal and on Using CRI-compatible Runtimes, Event Rate Limit Configuration (v1alpha1), kube-apiserver Encryption Configuration (v1), kube-controller-manager Configuration (v1alpha1), Contributing to the Upstream Kubernetes Code, Generating Reference Documentation for the Kubernetes API, Generating Reference Documentation for kubectl Commands, Generating Reference Pages for Kubernetes Components and Tools, kubectl config set-context --current --namespace, kubectl get pods -o custom-columns, kubectl get pods -o custom-columns-file, kubectl get pods --server-print.

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