Kakkar S, et al. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. But you can pass the gene on to future generations. There are a number of factors that might increase the chances of a person with thalassemia being exposed to SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. If you do, theyll be mild. People with thalassemia tend to experience similar complications from COVID-19 as those without thalassemia. One small study found that people with the thalassemia trait (carriers) were less likely to develop a COVID-19 infection or die from the disease. Thalassemia is an inherited disorder that impairs the production of hemoglobin. (2022). If you have minor or no symptoms, your provider may suspect thalassemia based on the results of a routine blood test. Current recommendations are that a person's usual regimen of transfusions should be continued during the pandemic. Thalassemia may increase the risk of serious outcomes of COVID-19. The most important thing you can do is make sure you are vaccinated and stay up to date on when boosters are needed. You can also have both alpha- and beta-thalassemia. Whats the outlook for people who have beta thalassemia? The changing epidemiology of the ageing thalassaemia populations: a position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation. (2016). A 2022 study found that people with beta-thalassemia trait were also at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19. . 2021 Mar 1;16(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01757-w. Parakh N, Pahuja S, Singh V, Kumar N, Chandra J. J Paediatr Child Health. The first study, conducted by . Your doctor can address any particular concerns you may have. (2022). They do not require any specific treatment. There has also been a shortage at other steps in the process, such as personnel available to perform collections, as well as process and deliver donated blood. World Health Organization (WHO) . Metabolism. What Research Says About the Link Between COVID-19 and Blood Type, What the Blood Link Research Means for You, Omicron vs. Delta: How the 2 COVID-19 Variants Compare, ShinglesHerpes ZosterInfection May Be Linked to the COVID-19 Vaccine, Can COVID-19 Cause Diabetes? -. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the 2020;91(3):e2020026. Splenectomy: When a person has a spleen removed for thalassemia, they are more likely to develop a secondary bacterial infection . It's been found that, in general, people who have COVID-19 often have significantly reduced hemoglobin levels, especially with severe disease. The Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines use mRNA technology. Beta-thalassemia trait is less common. Hemoglobin is the component of red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of the body. Its important for a doctor to order a blood test to confirm the cause of your symptoms to ensure you dont receive any unnecessary treatment. Bender MA, et al. The vaccines cannot give you COVID-19. But you can still pass down the affected gene to future generations. Marion Cook. Yet, no matter how difficult the trial, there are often positive points. Current recommendations for those in the United States is that iron chelation therapy be continued unless symptoms of COVID-19 develop. (2022). The results provide hope that people receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will develop similar lasting immune memories after vaccination. ; 3 Hemoglobinopathies and Congenital Anemia Center, Ospedale Galliera, Genoa, Italy. But such tests are often costly. But again, experts say it's too early to know for sure. Care of patients with hemoglobin disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: An overview of recommendations. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to blood bank shortages, which have created challenges for people with transfusion-dependent thalassemia. (2022). Therefore, it is unknown if COVID-19 vaccines are as efficacious for patients with thalassemia as they were found to be for the clinical trial participants . A simple blood test known as a complete blood count (CBC) could suggest whether or not you have thalassemia trait. There are two types of thalassemia, alpha and beta. Thalassemia Benefits. Types include alpha and beta thalassemia. Co-inheritance of -thalassaemia and -thalassaemia in a prenatal screening population in mainland China. Two recently published studies have found that people who recover from COVID-19 develop antibodies that may last almost a year. Its most common in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean. Acta Biomed. The prevalence among those who were transfusion dependent was roughly the same as people without thalassemia. But because reinfection is possible and COVID-19 can cause severe medical complications, it's recommended that people who . If the mutation affects two genes, you have alpha-thalassemia minor. People with severe forms of beta thalassemia may be at a higher risk of developing severe illness than people in the general population if theyre infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. Thalassemias. Impaired immune cell . In a 2022 study, researchers found lower rates of vaccine-related side effects among 186 people with thalassemia major than in vaccine clinical trials. The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a novel virus of the coronavirus family, SARSCoV-2. Luspatercept improves hemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements in a study of patients with -thalassemia. Susceptibility of -Thalassemia heterozygotes to COVID-19. The need for frequent blood transfusions and complications of the disease that result in more clinic visits and hospitalizations could raise the odds that someone would come into contact with the virus. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Can Being Heterozygous for the Beta-Thalassemia Trait Affect Your Pregnancy? Learn more about its symptoms and how it's diagnosed. Drouin E, et al. In a very small French study, researchers found that people with thalassemia under the age of 60 had higher rates of severe disease and hospitalization than the general population. Thalassemias are inherited disorders characterized by abnormal production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. As an example, on March 17, 2020, the Red Cross announced that their blood reserves were reduced by around 80% in the United States due to canceled donations and reduced distribution. About 1.5% of the worlds population carry HBB mutations that cause beta thalassemia. SARS-CoV-2 infection in beta thalassemia: Preliminary data from the Italian experience. There are two damaged genes. Beta-Thalassemia Minor and SARS-CoV-2: Physiopathology, Prevalence, Severity, Morbidity, and Mortality. The study found that patients with blood types A and AB were found to be more likely to require mechanical ventilation and to require dialysis for kidney failure. Since those studies, a fair amount of research has been conducted on blood type and COVID-19 risk. What We Know, 25% chance their child wont have thalassemia trait, 50% chance their child will have thalassemia trait, 25% chance their child will have a severe form of thalassemia. In that event, it's advisable that the therapy be stopped until the infection has cleared. If you're pregnant and heterozygous for beta-thalassemia, you may not need treatment, but there are still some things to consider for a healthy. Six had their spleens removed. At this time, scientists are just beginning to learn how a diagnosis of thalassemia may affect the risk of COVID-19, potential complications, and how the pandemic may affect treatment, but preliminary research has revealed some trends. What Blood Tests Can Help Diagnose Sjgrens Syndrome? Here, experts weigh in on what you really need to know. fatalities for sickle cell anaemia carriers and for -thalassaemia carriers. Since thalassemia trait causes only mild symptoms, if any, it usually doesnt affect life expectancy. Orphanet J Rare Dis. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. (2022). Differences in how people have reacted to COVID-19and whyhave occupied researchers throughout the pandemic. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, thalassemia can affect your ability to become pregnant and increase your risk of complications if you do. A few options include: Current recommendations are that for people who have been treated with Reblozyl, the medication should be continued even if a person develops COVID-19 (there is no evidence that it should be stopped). This blood disorder causes your body not to produce enough hemoglobin. The pandemic has been hard on everyone, especially those with chronic illnesses. Biochemistry, hemoglobin synthesis. 2020;60(12):3046-3054.doi:10.1111/trf.16056, d'argon A, Putri MG, Savitri Y, Alfaidin AMR. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Strategies to enhance information sharing between healthcare professionals and patients and their families by developing communication channel and tools (A), setting up a protocol for answering patient queries (B) and maintaining a regular flow of quality information to patients (C) [Colour figure can be viewed at, Patient pathways during the pandemic: general pathway (left panel) and transfusiondependent patient pathway (right panel) [Colour figure can be viewed at, A proposed algorithm for the diagnosis of COVID19 in patients with haemoglobinopathies [Colour figure can be viewed at. The immune systems of more than 95% of people who recovered from COVID-19 had durable memories of the virus up to eight months after infection. Knowledge of your blood type is usually important if you're undergoing a blood transfusion or organ transplantbut in those situations, your medical team will test your blood type beforehand. If you become infected, it's important to talk to a doctor knowledgeable about thalassemia regarding any special precautions you should take or changes to your medical plan. (2022). Clinical guidance on COVID-19 vaccines for people with thalassemia. Symptoms of moderate anemia may include: Beta thalassemia is caused by a genetic mutation inherited from one or both of your parents. De Sanctis V, Canatan D, Corrons JLV, et al. In thalassemia, the body is unable to make either alpha or beta chains in adequate amounts. SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with -thalassemia: The French experience. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Vaccine safety and effectiveness for people with beta thalassemia. If symptoms occur, theyre likely to be mild. As thalassemia is considered to be a severe underlying medical condition , both adults and children with thalassemia were excluded from the COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials. Abstract. Nicosia, Cyprus: Thalassaemia International Federation; 2014.
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